Problems of health and safety

Employees in industry often deal with problems of health, safety, motivation and efficiency of workers, depending on the production process and working space. According to the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions in EU countries 62% of workplaces include repetitive movements of arms and hands, 46% body positions that cause pain and fatigue, 35% handling heavy burdens, 56% of jobs require work with the short timescale and 54% work in a fast pace, 42% do not allow vacations and 31% are against free rhythm. About 40% of all employees during at least 25% of their working time are exposed to at least three factors for the development of diseases of systems for movement.

In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to take steps to prevent or mitigate the troubles arising in the workplace during a production process which also have a bad effect on the life and work of workers in industry. Basic steps are:

1. Technical–organizational - the introduction of a production technology often makes a serious problem in psychophysical strain for a man and his safety at work, social interaction and communication, the monotony which occurs due to depletion of work and fatigue due to the hardship and rhythm of work. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to take technical-organizational steps such as: separating humans from machines, automation, replacement of workplace and expansion of work.

2. Technical–safety - to prevent accidents and troubles at work. They must be taken care of when introducing new machines, tools and designing workplace.

3. Ergonomic - when designing the workspace, machines, tools and devices, to facilitate human work and adjust the work to his psychophysical abilities. Ergonomic measures include the problems of methods of work.